Gardening and Plant Care How-To Guides

The core techniques behind healthy plants, explained step by step. Start with the basics below, then jump into the detailed guide for your plant.

How to water houseplants

More houseplants die from overwatering than from anything else. The right rhythm depends on the plant:

Let it dry completely

Drought-tolerant plants that store water, like the ZZ plant and snake plant.

Water when the top inch or two is dry

Most tropical foliage plants, such as the rubber plant, spider plant and lipstick plant.

Keep lightly and evenly moist

Thirstier plants with fine roots, like the prayer plant. Water quality matters for these.

Whatever the plant, check the soil with your finger instead of watering on a fixed schedule. Water thoroughly until it drains, and never leave a pot standing in water.

How to propagate houseplants

Most houseplants can be multiplied for free. The right method depends on how the plant grows.

MethodBest forStep-by-step guide
Stem cuttings in water or soilTrailing and branching plantsInch plant, prayer plant, lipstick plant
Plantlets (babies)Plants that make ready-made offspringSpider plant babies
DivisionClumping plantsSnake plant, bird of paradise
Leaf cuttingsSucculent-leaved plantsZZ plant leaflets, snake plant leaf sections
Air layeringTall, woody plantsRubber plant

How to repot houseplants

1

Repot in spring

Plants recover fastest when they’re actively growing. Signs it’s time: roots circling the pot or poking out of the drainage hole, or soil that dries out within a day or two.

2

Go up just one size

A pot 1–2 inches wider is plenty. An oversized pot holds wet soil for too long, which is how root rot starts.

3

Use the right mix

Fast-draining cactus mix for plants like the ZZ and snake plant; an airy mix with bark and perlite for tropical foliage plants.

4

Always use a drainage hole

Decorative pots without one are fine as an outer cover, as long as the plant sits in a nursery pot you can lift out to drain.

All how-to guides

Planting, growing and propagation guides, newest first.

Looking for a specific plant? Browse our houseplant care guides A–Z.